The wastes of
scrap metal, paper, glass, petrochemical are
generated almost at the each enterprise and
organization of Kyiv. These wastes, in spite of
destroyed intercommunication mechanism with
treatment enterprises, are gathered and
treated.
For the last
year in the town many points of glass package
collection are created. The glass package works
adopts all types of bottles without limitations,
but their cost is small. As a result of this a
half of glass wastes gets to the
landfills.
For decreasing
ecological pressure on the environment, it is
necessary to develop arrangements as for getting
rid habitants of the glass package excess upon
prices of glass breackage. All the glass package
is planed to treat to glass breackage by the
special technologies that allow to make use of
this resources in different productions,
especially, as addition while production of high
firm bricks, of building ceramics, of building
constructions as well as raw materials for glass
production, too.
An economic
effect is that glass production from glass
breackage is considerably cheaper, than from
fresh mixture that is silicon oxide and
soda.
It is necessary
to adopt the main use conception of plastic
bottles from non-alcoholic drinks and aluminum
jars from beer and other drinks.
At the Kyiv
works "Sputnik" there is a technology
of making briquette of aluminum bottles. But the
briquettes’ production is delayed because
of lack of raw materials collection
system.
Biological
wastes of food industry enterprises catering,
animals and birds excrements ,drainage outflows,
grass, foliage, plants in the anaerobic
pollution process are decomposed and transform
into valuable biological fertilizer with
simultaneous receipt of bio-gas. The results of
this technology already exist in KMP "
Hygiena -M" that is ready to adjust a
bio-reactors equipment output for fruit and
vegetable bases, organisations and complexes of
food industry, private and farmer economies,
country-house allotments and private
sector.
Today the problem of utilization
of wrapping is very actual one. It includes
packing of ÒÅÒRÀ-PÀÊ, metallic jars from drinks.
Contemporary
treatment technologies almost are absent,
however the enterprise "Ekomedservis"
created an experimental production with
utilization of metallic jars from drinks, that
includes a system of collection, sorting,
treatment and apportionment of the aluminum
component.
It is necessary
to create material interest while solving the
question of wastes’ collection that is
connected with the mackle-paper
collection.
It is necessary
to mark that in Kyiv there is works TOV
"Time" that does the treatment of the
rubber crumb by dissolution into hot bitumen
method in order to receive hydro-insulation
mastics on its base. Besides of these wastes the
enterprise adopts polyethylene of home origin.
It is power is 0,5 -1 ton a day. The enterprise
works already during 9 years, it repairs 240
thousand m2 of roof in the town and treated
about 1000 wastes tons. Lack of central
collection, sorting, previous treatment
(crumbling) is the problem for the enterprise
and it decreases its project
possibilities.
This technology
helps to solve a question about polymeric
wastes. Plastic annihilation by burning whether
directing to a landfill is not effective not
only for ecology but economy, too. A special
purpose treatment of using of polymeric wastes
is necessary. In the main they are utilized at
landfills (1500 tons) and only 10 % of them are
treated. In the town not only TOV
"Time" works with this question but
NVF "Temp" and plant
"Kyivplastmas", too.
A lack of
economic stimulus limits activity of these
enterprises.
For improvement
of system of keeping, transports and utilization
of consumer and industrial wastes, of great
scopes investments and complex approach is
necessary , that's why arrangements complex is
offered for their solving:
- Development of the question on
central state works financing connected with
accumulation, utilization and rendering
innocuous of consumer and industrial wastes as
well as their treatment (using them as secondary
raw materials).
- Making inventory of wastes
landfills.
- Creation of pilot plants for
treatment of silts aeration stations.
- Study of sorting technologies
of consumer wastes, building of rubbish sorting
factory.
- Development of home technology
of getting and treatment of bio -gases at
landfills.
- More active use of experience
of cities and European countries in the sphere
of rendering harmless and treatment of different
wastes
kinds.
|