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Waste. Response
 
   Index       Pressure      State   Impact   Response


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The wastes of scrap metal, paper, glass, petrochemical are generated almost at the each enterprise and organization of Kyiv. These wastes, in spite of destroyed intercommunication mechanism with treatment enterprises, are gathered and treated.

For the last year in the town many points of glass package collection are created. The glass package works adopts all types of bottles without limitations, but their cost is small. As a result of this a half of glass wastes gets to the landfills.

For decreasing ecological pressure on the environment, it is necessary to develop arrangements as for getting rid habitants of the glass package excess upon prices of glass breackage. All the glass package is planed to treat to glass breackage by the special technologies that allow to make use of this resources in different productions, especially, as addition while production of high firm bricks, of building ceramics, of building constructions as well as raw materials for glass production, too.

An economic effect is that glass production from glass breackage is considerably cheaper, than from fresh mixture that is silicon oxide and soda.

It is necessary to adopt the main use conception of plastic bottles from non-alcoholic drinks and aluminum jars from beer and other drinks.

At the Kyiv works "Sputnik" there is a technology of making briquette of aluminum bottles. But the briquettes’ production is delayed because of lack of raw materials collection system.

Biological wastes of food industry enterprises catering, animals and birds excrements ,drainage outflows, grass, foliage, plants in the anaerobic pollution process are decomposed and transform into valuable biological fertilizer with simultaneous receipt of bio-gas. The results of this technology already exist in KMP " Hygiena -M" that is ready to adjust a bio-reactors equipment output for fruit and vegetable bases, organisations and complexes of food industry, private and farmer economies, country-house allotments and private sector.

Today the problem of utilization of wrapping is very actual one. It includes packing of ÒÅÒRÀ-PÀÊ, metallic jars from drinks. Contemporary treatment technologies almost are absent, however the enterprise "Ekomedservis" created an experimental production with utilization of metallic jars from drinks, that includes a system of collection, sorting, treatment and apportionment of the aluminum component.

It is necessary to create material interest while solving the question of wastes’ collection that is connected with the mackle-paper collection.

It is necessary to mark that in Kyiv there is works TOV "Time" that does the treatment of the rubber crumb by dissolution into hot bitumen method in order to receive hydro-insulation mastics on its base. Besides of these wastes the enterprise adopts polyethylene of home origin. It is power is 0,5 -1 ton a day. The enterprise works already during 9 years, it repairs 240 thousand m2 of roof in the town and treated about 1000 wastes tons. Lack of central collection, sorting, previous treatment (crumbling) is the problem for the enterprise and it decreases its project possibilities.

This technology helps to solve a question about polymeric wastes. Plastic annihilation by burning whether directing to a landfill is not effective not only for ecology but economy, too. A special purpose treatment of using of polymeric wastes is necessary. In the main they are utilized at landfills (1500 tons) and only 10 % of them are treated. In the town not only TOV "Time" works with this question but NVF "Temp" and plant "Kyivplastmas", too.

A lack of economic stimulus limits activity of these enterprises.

For improvement of system of keeping, transports and utilization of consumer and industrial wastes, of great scopes investments and complex approach is necessary , that's why arrangements complex is offered for their solving:

  1. Development of the question on central state works financing connected with accumulation, utilization and rendering innocuous of consumer and industrial wastes as well as their treatment (using them as secondary raw materials).
  2. Making inventory of wastes landfills.
  3. Creation of pilot plants for treatment of silts aeration stations.
  4. Study of sorting technologies of consumer wastes, building of rubbish sorting factory.
  5. Development of home technology of getting and treatment of bio -gases at landfills.
  6. More active use of experience of cities and European countries in the sphere of rendering harmless and treatment of different wastes kinds.


 

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