The most
negative influence on the environment is
territories that are used as rubbish heaps and
dumps, specially unsanctioned well as wastes
incineration and filtration of harmful matters
to underground waters in places of their
keeping.
So, in
incinerated wastes, first of all in industrial
ones, considerable part is occupied by the
plastics, rubber and outputs covered by chemical
paints. While incineration, they make toxic and
harmful gases and aerosols. There is a special
big damage to habitants while incineration of
consumer and industrial wastes and refuse near
houses and at industrial grounds, almost
everywhere in Kyiv.
Wastes removal
to insufficiently equipped but the more cheap
dumps lead to formation of filtrate immediately
got to underground aquifers’ horizons and
then we maybe consume this water.
Today an extraordinary situation
is in the region of landfill ¹5 not far from
settlement Velyki Dmytrovichi of Obukhovskii
region, to where consumer wastes are taken out.
This situation is connected with formation and
accumulation of
enormous amount of filtrate that is complicated
heterogenious mixture of chemical and
bacteriological matters. It is with very
unpleasant smell, that is product of organic
constituent of consumer wastes
decomposition.
For
different evaluations, an amount of filtrate
reaches
at the first and second grounds of the landfill
¹5 to 100-120 thousand m3 by total area 56
hectares. It goes on increase at the expense of
precipitation and new portions of consumer
wastes.
For
implement of filtrate treatment, the equipment
of German firm "ROXÅÌ" by power 200 m3
a day was purchased. It is mounted, but is not
yet included into work.
The working principle is a filtration through a
membrane. However, even for the most optimistic
prognoses this equipment will be able to render
innocuous such amount of filtrate only during
2-2,5 years by the condition of new receipts,
including from Pirogivskii
dump.
And real,
accumulation of filtrate continues. The
situation is aggravated because the dam of the
first dump ground does not have a protective
screen and there is a possibility of its break.
It can lead to unforeseen consequences because
of passing of enormous amount of filtrate
through the Siverka river to the Dnipro river.
.
Taking into
account a situation, it is necessary immediately
to research physical, chemical and other methods
of filtrate purification to possible giving the
filtrate to the municipal treatment facilities
in definite proportion to sewage
waters.
On territory of
Moskovskii region there is a re-cultured dump in
Pirogiv village that functioned during 30 years
(1956-1986). While its organisation, there were
not arrangements of natural environment
pollution prevention. Hydro-insulation of the
dump lodge was not been executed; the filtrate
drainage was not stipulated. After operating
termination, a dump was re-cultured upon the
simplest scheme. No protective arrangements
stopping the filtrate influence on underground
waters were stipulated by re-cultivation
project. The filtrate that has the high
concentrations of 33 salts’ kinds of heavy
metals, causes an intensive underground waters
pollution
increasing.