Besides that, in the town there
are about 140 unsanctioned dumps, at them there
are over 127 thousand tons of solid wastes.
The problem of sediment sewage
waters’ treatment (with possible use) and
utilisation is also of great importance. Only
the treatment facilities of the Bortnitska
aeration station every day detain 9-12 th.m3 of
organic matters. They are not used after
biological purification, and they simply are
utilized in tie with lack of suitable
technologies, that's why they need new
territories for their accumulation.
On the municipal territory
there are extraordinarily dangerous wastes of
berillium production (total co
quifer
horizons.
Only two enterprises have own
areas for deposit into land of toxic wastes.
They are VO "Khimvolokno" and VO
"Radical". Slime dumps of these
enterprises are disposed near Rozhivka village.
They have a project power 200 thousand m3 of
wastes but it is used approximately a half.
The problems of collection and
utilisation of accumulators, tyres with metal
cord, waste cars hulls using, waste smearing is
the actual problem.
The waste motor -car tyres (90%
rubber wares) are wastes that are not treated in
Kyiv, and get to consumer wastes. They are
almost not be destined to biological
decomposition in natural conditions, they occupy
a big area of landfills without possibility of
its volume decreasing. The waste tyres are taken
out by enterprises to the treatment facilities
works into other regions. Monthly about 300 tons
of tire-cover is taken out to the treatment
facilities of Ivano-Frankivski, Mikolayivski,
and Poltavski regions. According to the data of
the State Department, yearly 600-800 tons of
waste motorcar tyres (without regarding for
private motor transport) are generated in the
town. The great number of them is
"utilized" wilful by their owners at
the spontaneous dumps. Besides that, for data of
handed limits, during 1997 about 400 tons of
rubber wastes were taken out to the landfill of
the works "Energiya" by town
enterprises. The main cause is a lack of
treatment powers.
The number of motor transport
increasing indisputably leads to environment
pollution increasing.
During last years the problem
of utilisation of treatment silt of transport
washing was not solved. These wastes of the
petrochemical contents are kept on the
enterprises’ territories. They need
additional areas and special containers for
keeping. They create additional difficulties in
enterprises work. Solving of this problem,
according to the agreement with the State
Department, is entrusted to the microbiology
Institute of Microbiology and Virology. However
an execution of this work was temporally stopped
because of lack of financing by Kyiv Rada.
That's why a problem of silt areas building on
the landfill TPV"5 is very actual.
The questions of toxic
wastes’ utilisation formed at the
municipal enterprises are not solved, too. The
number such wastes increase.
In 1997 there is an ecological
check as for rendering harmless and keeping of
industrial toxic wastes and luminescent lamps in
Kyiv. As a result, it was determined that at 113
checked enterprises there were 1302,9 tons of
galvanic wastes.
In Kyiv waste luminescent lamps
keeping and de- mercuration state is
unsatisfactory (these wastes are of I danger
class). There is almost not a collection and
keeping of waste luminescent lamps from
habitants and non-production organizations.
That's why there is a pollution of atmospheric
air and soils in Kyiv.
Only at the checked enterprises
there are 251168 waste luminescent lamps. A
lamps transition to de-mercuration is not
implemented in tie with lack of funds.
In Kyiv, as in Ukraine as
whole, the production volumes of ferro-concrete
constructions and details is permanently
diminished. But there are a great number of
defective outputs, ferro-concrete constructions
and details, that already were used as a result
of buildings’ destruction, by repair
works. The defective (non-standard)
ferro-concrete outputs (constructions and
details) are the raw materials for treatment
into other production that depend on defect
degree and on operational possibilities. Unused
defective ferro-concrete constructions and
details, while their removing to the dumps,
damage the environment as of great scope wastes.
That's why using of these wastes as secondary
resources is of great importance for economic
and ecological situation in Kyiv.
The scopes of unused glass
package go on to increase in the town.
The most important problem is
the treatment of plastic bottles that concern to
the package category of single use. It is
practically impossible to set the number of
bottles, that supplied to municipal territory.
Besides that, an exact structure of materials
these bottles made, as a rule, is unknown. After
use bottles are throw out to dustbins without
any sorting.